Plans for expansion of The new 3G technology

1. T-mobile already has a wide range of mobile phones available on different payment tariffs. Phones are always being updated and new innovations. The latest invention in the mobile world is 3G enabled mobile phones. Mobile phones have evolved a lot since the first 1G analogue phone. After the 1G mobile phone 2G phone was next this included GSM, TDMA and cdmaone. After the 2G phones came the 2.5G phones this included the ideas of the 2G phones but at a faster rate and the EDGE technology. The 3G phone will have wireless technology which will enable enhancements to current applications, including greater data speeds, increased capacity for voice and data and the advent of packet data networks versus today's switched networks. The new 3G mobile phones will enable users to access the internet. 2. The production processes will need to be carefully managed when manufacturing the new 3G mobile phones. There are three different types of production methods which could be used batch, flow and job production. I believe the best production method for this product would be batch production as this would suit the type of product well. The advantages of using the batch production system would mean increased output of the product. The costs of production would be reduced. Some flexibility is retained so that different types of the product can be made 3. I think that patents/trademarks/copyright would be a good idea to use for the new 3G technology of mobile phone however to enforce this business would need expensive court action. 4. The new product will need a good marketing strategy which keeps in theme with the other products available from the company. The marketing mix technique which is a combination of product, price, promotion and place. The price of the product is a very important factor to consider there are 2 factors that affect the price of a product the elasticity and supply and demand. If the product is price inelastic then it is not very sensitive to changes in price. If the product is price elastic then the product in very sensitive to changes in price I believe that the new 3G mobile phone is a price elastic product and if you changed the price the demand would vary a lot. Promotion is another important factor when introducing a new product. There are two types of promotion above the line and below the line promotion. Above the line promotion is through media such as TV, radio, and cinema. Below the line promotion is a range of promotional techniques such as personal selling, direct marketing in which the firms have control over as they are usually led by them not outside agencies. I believe that the new 3G mobile phone will benefit from promotion on the television, through direct mail shots and newspaper promotions. 5. Some of the advantages of the new 3G technology. The new 3G technology will improve communication skills due to the widespread access to information it will allow more sophisticated communication. The new 3G mobile phones will be better quality and the customers will have more choice. Some of the disadvantages with the new 3G technology would be the cost of the new technology is quite high there are also some risks involved in integrating the new product. There may also be some resistance to the change in the new mobile phone technology. Overall I think that the advantages out weigh the disadvantages. 6. For managing the change I would suggest recording how the sales of the original products are selling before the 3G mobile phones are introduced and then also recording the sales when the new 3G mobile technology is introduced. If the sales of the old product falls new marketing techniques could be used to increase the sale sof this product and to maintain the sales of the new product. 7. In conclusion I have found that the new 3G technology would be a good new product for the company to introduce alongside the other wide range of mobile phones t-mobile has on offer. My advice would be to introduce the new 3G technology for a trial and see how the product sells and what marketing techniques need to be used for the product.

Linear Regression: House Pricing

Housing Prices in Blowing Rock, NC: A Hedonic Analysis Thomas Carter Economics 4000 1. Introduction A difficult characteristic to understand about the housing market is how a price is given for a particular house. That price will be designated to that particular house alone. All houses have various pricing, so I can’t always assume that one will cost more or less than any other. The pricing for houses vary based on their characteristics. Each characteristic must be analyzed to determine its contribution or detraction toward the price.I have taken some of these characteristics and modeled the relationship between them and the price of real estate for a specific area. How are these characteristics used in determining the price? A model that is commonly used in real estate appraisal is the hedonic regression. This method is specific to breaking down items that are not homogenous commodities, to estimate value of its characteristics and ultimately determine a price based on the co nsumers’ willingness to pay. The approach in estimating the values is done by measuring the differences in the price of certain goods with regards to specific location.E. g. average cost of real estate is much lower in Missouri than in California. Location may be the biggest factor in real estate pricing. 2. Data and Regression Analysis My data is for Blowing Rock, NC. It’s a resort town in the Blue Ridge Mountains. The attractions here are mostly outdoor activities taking place in the secluded wilderness. The population is only about 1500 and the average cost of a house from my data is $485,839. 50. For my linear regression, I am modeling the relationship between the price of homes, being my dependent variable, and some characteristics of the omes, being my explanatory variables. Originally my data consisted of the following for real estate in Blowing Rock, NC: price – selling price, miles from central business district, number of bedrooms, number of full bathr ooms, number of half bathrooms, the year the home was built, square footage, number of garages, whether or not the house was located in a subdivision, lot size, if the house had a good view, number of days on the market, and difference between asking price and selling price. First I modeled a linear regression between price and all of my characteristics (see Table 1).To interpret these variables I have regressed, I look at the Coefficient column of the output. The sign of the number tells whether the characteristic increases or decreases the price. For each additional mile away from the central business district the price of a home decreases $25,002. 96. For each additional bedroom the price increases $20,832. 78. For each additional full bathroom the price increases $79,715. 21. For each additional half bathroom the price increases $123,988. 80. For every year that a house ages the price decreases $2,355. 05. For every increase in one square-foot the price increases $93. 13.For eac h additional garage the price increases $26,249. 66. If the house is in a subdivision the price increases $25,999. 07. For each additional acre of land the price increases 56,480. 75. If the home has a nice view(most likely of the Blue Ridge Mountains) the price increases 127,900. 10. For each additional day the home is on the market the price decreases $181. 04. Based on the adjusted R-squared I have determined that about 53. 38% of the price of homes in this town comes from these characteristics. Looking at the P values, not all are significant, thus some of these characteristics may play little part in determining the price.The insignificant characteristics were number of bedrooms, number of garages, and whether or not the home was in a subdivision. Some other weak variables were the number of days the home has been on the market and the difference between asking price and selling price. I feel that the number of days the house a house is on the market is a weak explanatory varia ble because a seller usually has an idea of what the house is worth, and even if it does not sell immediately, they may be willing to wait or only need to adjust the price a little in order for it to sell.The difference in asking and selling price could be correlated with the number of days on the market and very similar reasoning as to why it is a weak variable. The seller will most likely not allow much difference in their asking and selling price because of the appraised value. Also, looking at the coefficients of these two variables, I can see that change in them do not impact the price very much. The number of bedrooms is not a significant characteristic because it is correlated with the square footage. It seems a little odd that the number of garages is insignificant.However, the mean number of garages for this data is above one, meaning the average house in Blowing Rock has at least one garage. With a garage being fairly standard amenity for homes in Blowing Rock I can unders tand it not being a very significant factor on the price compared to the other characteristics. Living in a subdivision is not significant for this town as well. I took out the highly insignificant variables (bedrooms, garages, and subdivision) and modeled another regression (see Table 2). My adjusted R-squared improved to 54. 28%. Expand! 3. Summary and ConclusionsTable 1 reg price miles bedrooms fullbath halfbath yearbuilt sqft garage sub acres vie > ws days diff Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 100 ————-+—————————— F( 12, 87) = 10. 45 Model | 6. 0522e+12 12 5. 0435e+11 Prob > F = 0. 0000 Residual | 4. 2002e+12 87 4. 8278e+10 R-squared = 0. 5903 ————-+—————————— Adj R-squared = 0. 5338 Total | 1. 0252e+13 99 1. 0356e+11 Root MSE = 2. 2e+05 —————— ———————————————————– price | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] ————-+————————————————————— – miles | -25002. 96 9499. 989 -2. 63 0. 010 -43885. 22 -6120. 706 bedrooms | 20832. 78 44293. 87 0. 47 0. 639 -67206. 08 108871. 6 fullbath | 79715. 21 40491. 55 1. 97 0. 052 -766. 1288 160196. 5 halfbath | 123988. 8 45920. 12 2. 70 0. 008 32717. 59 215260 yearbuilt | -2355. 046 1202. 24 -1. 96 0. 053 -4744. 596 34. 50387 sqft | 93. 13114 50. 65843 1. 84 0. 069 -7. 557963 193. 8203 garage | 26249. 66 28224. 21 0. 93 0. 355 -29849. 02 82348. 34 sub | 25999. 07 56280. 61 0. 46 0. 645 -85864. 75 137862. 9 acres | 56480. 75 13324. 99 4. 24 0. 000 29995. 88 82965. 61 vie ws | 127900. 1 48592. 63 2. 63 0. 010 31316. 96 224483. 2 days | -181. 0406 126. 8538 -1. 43 0. 157 -433. 1762 71. 09506 diff | . 5086182 . 3190536 1. 59 0. 15 -. 1255353 1. 142772 _cons | 4541470 2363007 1. 92 0. 058 -155261. 1 9238202 Table 2 reg price fullbath halfbath yearbuilt sqft acres views days diff miles Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 100 ————-+—————————— F( 9, 90) = 14. 06 Model | 5. 9915e+12 9 6. 6572e+11 Prob > F = 0. 0000 Residual | 4. 2609e+12 90 4. 7344e+10 R-squared = 0. 5844 ————-+—————————— Adj R-squared = 0. 5428 Total | 1. 252e+13 99 1. 0356e+11 Root MSE = 2. 2e+05 —————————————————————————†” price | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] ————-+—————————————————————- fullbath | 84256. 29 38750. 63 2. 17 0. 032 7271. 402 161241. 2 halfbath | 131657. 9 43504. 03 3. 03 0. 003 45229. 58 218086. 3 yearbuilt | -2286. 429 1165. 349 -1. 96 0. 053 -4601. 599 28. 74033 sqft | 112. 8896 40. 74526 2. 77 0. 007

Book review article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Book review - Article Example ave an enormous task to create a relaxed and comfortable environment in which learners discover the complexities associated with the language and language acquisition (Kinginger, 2013, pp.21). However, knowledge of linguistics does not necessarily lead to successful language teaching practice. Jack Richards and Theodore Rodgers (2007) in the book Approaches and methods in language teaching discusses the major trends in language teaching in the twentieth century. The two authors emphasize the benefits of cooperative language teaching in contemporary classroom settings. On the other hand, Wei Li, Vivian Cook, and Flowerdew (2009) in the book dubbed Contemporary applied linguistics focus on the different perceptions, attitude and motivation that learners have toward the target language and how they (perception, attitude and motivation) affect language learning. Meanwhile, Karlfried Knapp (2007) in the book Handbooks of applied linguistics: communication competence, language and communic ation problems practical solution, discusses the domains of language awareness. Cooperative learning (CL) is arguably one of the most efficient language learning strategies for all student types, including mainstream students, English language learners (ELLs) and academically gifted students (Richards & Rodgers 2007, pp. 192). It not only promotes learning but also fosters friendship and respect among diverse groups of learners. Through cooperative learning strategies, students learn to depend on each other in a rather positive way for different learning tasks. However, it is imperative that teachers establish classroom protocols and norms that guide students to share, encourage each other, stay on task, contribute, and solve problems (Richards & Rodgers 2007, p. 192). The classroom norms will also guide students to help each other, as well as give and accept feedback from peers. Cooperative learning is particularly useful to students learning a second language. Besides, it promotes

Hydrogels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Hydrogels - Essay Example However, chef a amongst them are temperature, pH, ionic strength, solvent composition, and light and electric field, Al these are stimuli responsive Hydrogels are useful in the development of a number of appliances especially in the development of controlled drug release systems, sensors, cell culture substances, and flow control. Additionally, Hydrogels are suitable for immobilizing the bimolecular because the=y have a bimolecular capacity, this is very fundamental in keeping their shape in the original condition. They can also be vey important in immobilizing optical sensors because they have a very important property. By virtue of their functionality, their biocompatibility makes the ideal candidate of the development of the rational optical sensor. They have a very wide loading capacity that is mainly suitable for sensors. Additional they have a very wide background which is only suitable for optical low optics. They also have another property that makes them very suitable for the development of cornerstones. For example polymers can be mixed to derive a very effective hydrogen cornerstone There have been a lot of res DNA however; one of the mot important a breakthrough in the researches that involves DNA is the use of DNA functionalized Hydrogels to make biosensors. This breakthrough was also fundamental for the development of controlled release system just like in medicine and other stimuli reactive materials. The focus on the main property of Hydrogels such as the ability to swell is very important because in this way. The most important breakthrough has been achieved in the scientific circles. A better example is the focus on gels phase shift. A stimuli responsive smart gels. There has also been the relatively low number of bolometric sensors. Acrydite-modified DNA is easy to link Hydrogels understanding through co-polymerization. Upon the completion of the gel transformation, their general viscosity is transformed as one can

Presentation reaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Presentation reaction - Essay Example In the minds of this reviewer, perhaps the greatest strength that the presentation provided was the fact that it was able to integrate with the listener the understanding of how technology has positively affected the ability of the individual to communicate remotely such that they were unable to do in previous years. Undoubtedly, this has caused a large increase in the efficiency and availability of key decision makers regardless of where they might be at any particular point in time. By allowing these shareholders to take their work with them even when they are on the road, it is possible for them to assume a higher degree of responsibility. An additional benefit that the discussion presents is the fact that dependence upon cell phones and other related equipment does not hurt productivity due to the fact that the reachability plus dual and multifunctional nature that these devices represent allow individuals to utilize them during meetings and other such situations to both take notes and engage with other forms of work. However, the greatest weakness that the presentation did not specifically discuss was the fact that an over dependence upon technology and its application to affect communication via alternative means rather than direct or face to face has meant that a certain amount of efficiency and relationship building potential is lost. It is difficult to quantify this as a determinate measurement; however, it is reasonable to assume that as more and more people become increasingly dependent and bound to these means of expression, the ability and level to which they are able to intimate these ideas in a traditional means will necessarily become weakened; if for no other reason than due to the lack of practice of traditional means of communication that they will practice. The presentation itself was effective in integrating the basic

Should all organisations consider their brand as an employer Essay - 1

Should all organisations consider their brand as an employer - Essay Example to establish brand as an employer as such practices enhance the value proposition of the employer that is reflected in their business operations (Kashyap and Rangnekar, 2014). In order to sustain frequent economic and financial turmoil in the complex business environment, an organization has to possess relevant human assets with technological and behavioural competencies. As the process of employer branding involves extensive research of internal and external environment to understand the exact position of the employer in the market, determining further fundamental action plan for fulfilling the gap in the perceived image of the employer among the target group becomes easier (Newell, 2005). Therefore, the organization gets an opportunity to communicate its employers’ value proposition (EVP) and areas of improvement according to the research result in the market segment to be perceived as one of the distinct employers in its area of operations (Edwards, 2012). With a quest to be a part of good organizational environment, which is really scarce in the corporate world, potential candidates are willing to put less emphasis on monetary benefits if they understand long term career prospects, sound values and cultural practices in an organization (Saini, Rai and Chaudhary, 2014). Hence, adoption of employer branding serves business environment in two ways. The organization gets an easy access to skill enriched pool of candidates for serving the organizational purpose in an efficient manner and the candidates also receives an opportunity to exercise their existing talents in the organizational framework (Grà ¼newà ¤lder, 2008). Moreover, international mobility of skilled workforce and archaic skills of the aging personnel has also necessitated organizations to create an employer brand to retain and attract the best talents for enhancing business performance in the upcoming future (Kupfernagel, 2009). Researchers have shown that almost 69% of t he Americans prefer to be

The War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The War - Essay Example Prior to Pearl Harbor, Americans were sharply divided as to whether the U.S. should ally with Britain against Germany following the defeat of France. The U.S. immediately began fighting on both European and Pacific fronts fully supported by the American public. Though the Pacific Fleet was crippled by the Pearl Harbor attack, its submarines, aircraft carriers and, somewhat incredibly, the fuel storage tanks, were not damaged. America responded by winning the Battle of Midway then ‘island hopping’ toward Japan. The war in the Pacific theater culminated in the dropping of two atomic bombs in 1945 on cities in Japan affecting surrender (Goldstein & Dillon, 1981). In preparation for possible Japanese aggression, President Franklin D. Roosevelt had relocated much of the U.S. Fleet to Pearl Harbor in mid 1940. The Japanese had been fighting a war with China since 1937 to gain desperately needed oil and other materials. What became the countries of the Western alliance stopped trade with the Japanese in July 1941which made the Japanese situation more desperate. Japan felt it had little choice but to capture the mineral and oil-rich regions of the Pacific Rim, Southeast Asia and the East Indies so as to sustain itself. War was the inevitable outcome of these actions (â€Å"Pearl Harbor Raid†, 2000). Frank Beatty, at that time a U.S. Navy Secretary aid, wrote after the war, â€Å"I can say that prior to December 7, it was evident even to me that we were pushing Japan into a corner. The conditions we imposed upon Japan to get out of China, for example were so severe that we knew that nation could not accept. We did not want her to accept th em.† According to a 1944 account of British Minister of Production Oliver Lyttelton, â€Å"Japan was provoked into attacking America at Pearl Harbor. It is a travesty of history to say that America was forced into war† (Perloff, 1986). The Japanese Navy announced internally its detailed

Healthcare reform Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Healthcare reform - Research Paper Example The health reforms have targeted three major areas: uniformity of plans across gender, age and people with pre-existing diseases; accessibility to quality healthcare; and rein in cost (Whitehouse). The cost effectiveness would broadly be addressed by enforcing measures to control wastage, fraud and abuse in Medicare. The austerity measures and savings would further enable the healthcare industry to spread medical insurance to larger segment of population who have not been covered under healthcare plans due to lack of finances. $630 billion have been allotted in the budget of 2010 which would be used as reserve for the healthcare reforms over a period of ten years (OMB). Graham (2011) asserts that ‘Affordable Care Act offers the potential to address the needs of racial and ethnic minority populations, by bringing down health care costs, investing in prevention and wellness, supporting improvements in primary care, and creating linkages between the traditional realms of health and social services’. Thus, it can be successfully concluded that reforms initiatives in healthcare would go a long way in promoting equality and non discrimination at all levels of healthcare

Western Civilization Essay Example for Free

Western Civilization Essay Functional political structures of prior centuries still exist to a great degree this very day. What that means is those political systems that are viable can transcend centuries and cultures to exist in the modern world. Political structures are not something that are pulled out of thin air and instituted. Instead, political structures and ideologies are the result of a process of evolution. In other words, a political idea or system will develop in an inception stage and then over the course of time, it will evolve into a more complex system that takes into consideration the various complexities that modern concerns may influence said development. However, what does not happen is that the entirety of an old system is completely thrown out unless it is a clearly failed system. Monarchies, for example, have collapsed because they simply are not functional in the modern era. Their modern equivalent, dictatorships, exist is certain parts of the world on a minimalist level (Cuba, North Korea, etc), but they are generally rejected by the vast majority of world governments whereas successful government systems propagate, albeit in different versions of their classical counterpart. For example, democracy started in Athens as a philosophical movement that later developed into a viable political system. This form of Athenian democracy that was instituted in Ancient Greece was considered a model of effective government and a great deal of the principles of Athenian democracy exist in modern governments, although there are a number of departures from the original Athenian concept. In the Athenian system, direct democracy was the dominant factor as opposed to representative democracy. We still see vestiges of this form of direct democracy in America in the form of ballot initiatives. In California, the most (in)famous form of direct democracy can be viewed in the decriminalization a medical marijuana, a law that never would have passed through a representative system.

Recent Scientific and Technological Innovations Essay Example for Free

Recent Scientific and Technological Innovations Essay The quality of life is normally taken to mean the general well being of people and the environment in which they live in. it is undeniable that recent scientific and technological innovations have enhanced the quality of life for many. However, the developments of today that promise us a better quality of life are also the ones that can worsen the quality of life. Science and technology give their creators and inventors ever-greater supremacy and control, for good or otherwise, over the physical universe. Indeed, the possible dire consequences and impact of misused and misapplied innovations can affect the quality of life drastically. Technological innovations have resulted in an improved and well-established system of telecommunications and satellites. This leads to ease in access of communication system globally. International calls can now be made so readily that two people at separate ends of the world can now stay instantly in contact with a touch of the dial. But, with the onslaught of the worldwide web and wireless communication devices, technology has in fact, drawn people away from each other. The presence of electronic email and short-text messages, gave busy people of this high-tech society yet another excuse to dismiss the need for face-to-face meetings and interactions. Humans have become overly dependent upon such gadgets and devices to carry out the basic task such as to communicate. What will result from the above phenomenon is that the generations to come will be lacking in inter-personal and interactive skills. Medical scientific and technological innovations have been largely beneficial. Death rates, infant mortality rates as well as diseases of the past that used to lead to alarming numbers of deaths, have been eradicated greatly. Modern drugs and vaccines have eased much physically suffering. But, the discovery of Euthanasia and Genetic Engineering have sparked off a series of moral questioning concerning the supposed death with dignity as well as issues that include abortion as the latter opens up possibilities of misuse. It is true that abortion practices ena ble pregnant women who are at health risk to remove the baby in the course of pregnancy but many have taken advantage of this procedure to rid themselves of the product of irresponsible actions on their part. Also, Euthanasia, despite being said to be death in dignity, nevertheless, opposes many religious and conservative views. Advanced military technological innovations have provided a higher degree of security for citizens in countries. This does actually contribute to enhancing the quality of life as cyber warfare, biological warfare and nuclear warfare help to create a new form of defence mechanism to protect the people. Conversely, advance military technological innovations have also empowered modern armies a great level of destructive potential and selective aiming targets. This results in civilians and innocent people ending up as the greater victims in wars. In addition, the use of chemical and biological weapons has diffused effects that make the clear-cut drawing of battle lines more complex and difficult. Hence, instead of enhancing the quality of life, humans’ vulnerability increases and security decreases in times of war. Another political and legal aspect in which scientific and technological innovations have helped to improve the quality of life for humans is the availability of knowledge. Indeed, the access to information enhances democracy that provides citizens with a more liberal political system. However, it should be noted that technology, though allowing easy access to the supply of knowledge, actually devalues the worth of information and knowledge. Today, knowledge can easily turn obsolete as focus is placed on the survival of the most info and techno-savvy society. Also, what is accessible from the wide pool of resources on the worldwide web does not always provide the correct and morally upright information. For instance, the wide pool of pornography corrupts one’s mind and worsens the quality of life as it presents an improper, inaccurate and unrealistic view towards sex. Next, computers and high-tech machinery have aided in improving many economies, especially those of the developing countries. For example, South Korea went from being a developing country to becoming a newly industrialized country because they have become more capital-intensive and technologically oriented in their industries. Areas ranging from manufacturing processes to the service sector have been made easy by the use of both the computer and machinery. Nevertheless, such gadgets have become such an indispensable and essential tool in modern life that the need for labour-intensive employment has greatly declined. This puts lowly educated and lowly skilled workers out of jobs. Such an over reliance branches into almost every type of human activity and the importance of human resources will eventually be lost with time. How can quality of life be enhanced when the technology is deemed more valuable and useful than human resource? Another area to ponder about is the environmental asp ect of life. Pollution and deforestation have both worsened the quality of life in today’s society. Health problems have resulted from air, water, soil and hazardous waste pollution. Governments of less developed nations, in their eagerness to improve their economies by employing technology in their commerce, are willing to forsake the importance of the environment in maintaining the quality of life of their people. Poor air quality in twenty megacities in the world, with population of more than ten million results in an increase in lung, heart and brain cancer. This is the effect of traffic fumes; industrial processes, new sewage systems and even open refuse burning. Water quality is greatly diminished by the pollution caused by petrochemical complex, pesticide and factories. The issue of deforestation is also linked to the worsening of the quality of life as basic needs of recreation, culture and leisure are greatly affected. Thus, it is evident that though busy industries can be an indication of a healthy economy that can increase the monetary aspect of standard of living, actually denies humans their basic right to drink clean water and breathe clean, uncontaminated air. In conclusion, the issues of the quality of life that are affected by scientific and technological innovations are urgent and require much reconsideration. The nuclear power that promised virtually limitless, cheap and non-polluting energy for future generations proved otherwise in the disastrous accidents such as those that took place at Three Mile Island and Chernoblyl. Furthermore, the down sides to the supposed enhancement of the quality of life as depicted by the double-edged sword qualities of science and technology like those presented in this argument have clearly shown that recent scientific and technological innovations can increase the quality of life as well as degenerate it.

Product Life Cycle Management In Marketing

Product Life Cycle Management In Marketing INTRODUCTION Like humans, products undergo life-cycle. Similarly Product life cycle goes through different phases, which involves many procedures, and needs more skills, tools and processes. Product life cycle involves launch of product in the market with consideration of cost and sales. Product Life Cycle undergoes Four stages. A products will have a limited life in the market, A product will come across different stages. In each and every stage it will across various different challenges, problems, and opportunities to the Seller, Their will be fluctuation of profit and loss of a product, Any products needs manufacturing , financial, marketing, purchasing and human resource in every stage. Every product will have its own life cycle. This life cycle starts from the launch of the product in to the market to its final withdrawal. At this period various changes will occur in the behavior of the product in the market. Major goal of any company is to increase the profits of the product in the market, now managing of product life cycle is very important. Different companies follow different plans like basic, strategic etc. It is very important to any company to understand the product life cycle to realize when to launch and when to withdraw and when to increase the sales. Product Life Cycle Management(Marketing) Product life cycle management deals with strategies used y the business management of a product which goes through its life cycle. It deals with the how product is sold and how it is advertising and how the product is reaching to saturation point. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE MODEL : The PLC model consists of 5 Phases. This phases is applicable to all the products. Each phase has sub stages based on the market demands. They are: 1. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PHASE This stage begins with development of new product idea. This stage involves combining of new ideas and finally bringing a new idea. In this stage, every product will go different stages of tests before going in front of final costumer via test marketing. The product which survives in the test market will be introduces in real market. In this stage company cannot expect any sale. 2. INTRODUCTION PHASE This phase includes the launch of product with its extra requirements; this will create grater impact at he time of sale. In this stage, most of the companys expenditure are done on promotions and advertising. Companies must be strong enough to spent more money to receive less profits. It is very important to maintain the product in market irrespective of the challenges. Company should follow different strategies to maintain the product in the market and to compete. Customer will give his views on the product, he will describe how product will sustain the market or not. In this way companies will know about the products before introducing in the market. 3. GROWTH PHASE In this phase company will se the growth and leading their product in the market. This is the exact time to increase the share of the company. Company must show the maximum variety of product it have and it should discriminate itself from the competitors. By Frequent modification of product will discourage the competitors. Promotions and advertisements should continue but not as introduction stage. 4. MATURITY PHASE In this period market becomes saturated with discriminations of basic products. At this stage company enjoys more profits. At this stage pricing and offers are provided to maintain the product value, competition and to improve product life. 5. DECLINE PHASE This stage is arrived when company is planning to withdraw the product from the market. This stage includes lots of issues. Some companies will rise the product cost such that it may give chance to either increase the product value or it may help to stop the production. INTRODUCTION TO ICC CRICKET WORLD CUP 2007. Mega-events such as ICC Cricket World Cup are a unique form of tourist attraction defined as large and internationally known event.. Events are usually viewed as a major economic tourist asset for the host area that also brings new infrastructure and facilities. All the Countries around the world have always saw the impacts and legacies of Mega events like World Cup Cricket as a major events for economic development and international recognition.ICC is organizing Cricket World Cup founded in 1975 and it is conducted for every four years. After a lot of procedures and site selection process, it was decided that the ninth venue of the tournament will be played in the West Indies in 2007.West Indies had won first two world cups in 1975 and 1979. The ICC(International Cricket Council) has conducted a Cricket World Cup tournament for mens cricket every 4 years since 1975. The competition has been changed gradually since, and the ICC agreed to make the event quadrennial in 1979. The first three tournaments was conducted in England, and sponsorship help was done by a insurance company, and was known as the Prudential Cup. Some other sponsors are Reliance, Benson and Hedges, and Wills. This Companys had their names attached to the event till 1999, when it became the ICC World Cup. The involvement of number of teams is periodically increased from 8 to 9 then 12 to 14 in 2003, and at last, totally 16 teams where involved in the ninth competition in 2007. The first tournament was for 2 weeks and 15 matches where conducted. In 2003 tournament, matches was co-hosted by South Africa, Kenya, and Zimbabwe, and their where 54 matches played in 44 days. It included 2 hours opening ceremony. In 2007 ICC Cricket World Cup the contribution of local organizers and corporate subsidiary of the West Indies Cricket Board named the Windies [West Indies] World Cup 2007, it also produced beautiful and mind blowing opening and closing ceremonies. Out of the 16 teams at the ICC CWC 2007 tournament the 10 first class teamsand remaining 6 teams are One Day International Cricket Qualified. The ICC Cricket World Cup 2007 tournament is the ninth time of the tournament and took place in the West Indies. This tournament was from 13 March to 28 April 2007.This tournament used Cricket One Day International format. These competitions involved 51 matches in 47 days and these games were played in St. Kitts, Jamaica, Trinidad Tobago, Barbados, Guyana, Grenada, and St. Lucia, Antigua. Sixteen nations will participate in this event. To host this event the Caribbean countries had built tourist facilities, seaports, airports, accommodation and other infrastructure. All around of 12 stadium facilities have been developed in the nine countries for successful conduction of the ICC Cricket World Cup 2007tournament. This tournament had 16 qualified cricket teams. This is the biggest number of teams involved in the history of the World Cup. Teams involved in this tournament are India, West Indies, New Zealand, South Africa, England, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Sri Lanka and Australia, these nations had determined as ICC Test Championships. The total number of visitors attended for tournament is expected to be 672,000 and 13,176 per match in over all 51 matches. This 16 teams had divided into four groups and tour teams in each group. The top two teams of each group was advanced to the quarter finals on knock out based results . Four teams from this group of eight had then moved on to the semi finals.. The opening ceremony was in Jamaica. The final match was played in Barbados. Phases of product lifecycle and corresponding technologies Phase 1: Conceive Imagine, specify, plan, innovate I would like to discuss on ICC Cricket World Cup 2007. It is a Mega event which had got an world reorganization. This is a event which included Cricket Matches, Opening ceremony includes the vibrant lifestyle and heritage of the different regions of people had unfolded the stage celebrations to welcome the world to the Mega Event starting with a medley of calypso, mento, reggae, ska, soca, dancehall, and other musical genres. The three-hour performances at Trelawney Stadium in Jamaica had included stilt walkers, the different dance sequences, a mass choir and fire crackers show. There was a drum score by a performance troop from South Africa, which connected the link between the previous ICC Cricket World Cup and this year Mega-Event. Festival, which was celebrated every year in several regional nations, was a main theme of the evenings performances and wide range of scenes have saw characters such as revellers, a shaggy bear and plantation girls playing maze had encouraged every one and created a lot of entertainment. Planning includes lot of stages to organize an world recognized events like Cricket world cup. Primarily we need to appoint the people who have very good experience in the respective fields like Executive officer, Security officer, Competitions officer, Marketing officer, Commercial officer, Communications officer, Operations officer, Transport and Logistics officer, IT officer, Financial officers. After recruiting these designated peoples we have to set the targets to be finished with in dead lines. We have to prepare a perfect plan how to implement the Event keeping in mind of long time impacts and legacies. Now we need to rise the finance by government or from the sponsors. It is important to develop the local infrastructure and local community by giving various opportunities, medication, Education, Employment and need to involve local people in planning also. Now it is very important to track each and every field, whether each and every work is going properly in a synchronized form. Primarily it is very important to develop Infrastructure like building new stadiums or repairing the existing Stadiums. It is very important to concern about each and every aspects like Capacity of the stadium, Quality of the stadium, Security for the spectators, building roads and hotels for accommodation. It is very important to care about the local people while building the roads and hotels, such that local people should not be disturbed because of any of our activity. Need to take care of accommodation for both VIPs and general peoples. Opening ceremony should be planed such that no accidents should be happened. Safety measures should be taken if any emergency. We can make event innovative by implementing the concept of Environment sustainability. Recycling the products, reducing the waste by the slogan lets carry our own garage. We can produce the car-boards by recycling the waste papers. Polluting vehicle should not be allowed till certain range of event. Waste water can be recycled and it can be used for plantation. For emergency mobility we can use electric vehicles. Phase 2: Design Describe, define, develop, test, analyze and validate In a Event like Cricket World Cup, we have to mainly concentrate on assigning targets and need to establish the co-ordination between superiors and working staff. Here we are not going to use any Softwares to design the event. It is entirely ideology. Her design is concerned about establishment of links for successful hosting of events. Mostly head of any event is the respective Government. It will hire the Event managers to develop their Ideas. Government will give the targets to event managers, and fund will be released accordingly. A event manager have to make sure the works are going well by his personal staff or ant temporary outsourcing staff. Governing body will have Chief Executive officer, Chief Security officer, Chief Competitions officer, Chief Marketing officer, Chief Commercial officer, Chief Communications officer, Chief Operations officer, Chief Transport and Logistics officer, Chief IT officer, Chief Financial officers. Let us consider a particular field like Chief Transport and Logistics officer. Officer is the head of this section. He is responsible of all transportation of raw materials and he is concerned out making transportation arrangements for visitors and for players etc. He have to contact different countries representatives to arrange the accommodation, food, security and etc for the players and officials of that nation. First event manager have to have to take the count of the people coming from individual nations. He have to take the preferences of the type accommodation and the food they needed and the places they want to visit and etc. By taking consideration of al the preferences event manager have to arrange the accommodation and he have to engage the vehicles for them, he have to arrange the a well skilled person who know a out the local environment. Event manager have to arrange the security for the visitors and make sure there are no negative issues. Event manager have to make th e arrangement for the food they needed and book the places where the players and officials want to visit. Chief Financial officer have to release the fund required. Officer has to analyze the requirements needed. He have to collect the needs required to each and every individual field. Officer has to arrange the requirements needed. Chief IT officer have to take care of the website design and have to prepare an interface to communicate with in the staff and for queries from visitors. He is responsible for maintaining the electronic media. He have to take care of publicity of an event through websites, social networking sites and etc. He have to create an LAN(Local Area Network ) and have to establish the connection between the computers which are used for event purpose. He have to take care of security of the data such that unauthorized persons should not access. Separate User name and Password should be give to each and every staff working for the event and data access control should e provided based on the designation of an employee. Therefore each and every individual department works on their respective targets assigned by the Government for success of the event. Phase 3: Realize Manufacture, make, build, procure, produce, sell and deliver The main aim of organizing event is all about generating revenue. In Events industry is not much related to Realize Phase. This phase is all about the physical out put of the event. In this phase we can see the results of the efforts kept in planning stage. Lets discuss about the results of the event. Starting from the first day we had the grand 3 hrs opening ceremony. It included medley of calypso, mento, reggae, ska, soca, dancehall, and other musical genres. The three-hour performances at Trelawney Stadium in Jamaica had included stilt walkers, the different dance sequences, a mass choir and fire crackers show. Most important aspect of opening ceremony was Fire cracker show. That was very colorful and it gave a greater entertainment and joy for the people. It gave a warm welcome to the spectators. Next comes about the tournament, here we can see a wide range of out comes of the planning. We can see the luxurious accommodation for the players and the officials of the different coun tries. We can see the new built roads, buildings, stadiums, hotels and lots more. We can see a new environment which is new to most of them. This all credit goes to government and the innovative event managers. We can see people enjoying while matches, and visitors and different places. We can see the media coverage about the event, we can see every media channel talking about the event. This phase is not related to selling the product. We can generate revenue in events by selling Tickets, Media rights, Generating sponsorships from the corporate companies those who wants to use event as a place to publicize their products and accessories can sold which have events logo on it. Money can be generated by selling general products which are used at the time of match. Revenue from Tusk shop like T-shirt sale, selling refreshments, selling tickets and etc. Improved media advertising offers can generate more revenue from media channels. We should give rights to only one media channel to telecast the matches. This idea will generate more revenue because of single channel in a country. Offers on the ticket will increase the profits than individual. We can also plan a travel package which includes the match tickets, lodging and some of the tourist spots. Internal and external advertisement will also generate money and we can use online booking system where we can commission on the sale of the tickets. In events industry we can not expect any Test. This industry is all about the real time out put. It is all about implement the plan which would help for the success of the event. All we can do is, to organize the event as perfect as possible. We can take feed back from the visitors which would help to improve for next events. Phase 4: Service Use, operate, maintain, support, sustain, phase-out, retire, recycle and disposal Services in Events management includes operate, maintain, support, and recycle. It is very important to operate an event with the help of government, event managers and working staff. Event mangers responsibility is to balance the relations. Co-ordination between government, event mangers and working staff is important. In case of any miss understanding will leads to incardination. Maintaining of coordination leads to success of event. Maintaining the quality of the event is also very important. It is the responsibility of the event managers to control the supply of the requirements and he should have entire details of the event. Event manager should be super active at the venue and he should keep much more efforts than ever to maintain the quality of the event. Event manager should take care that non of his staff members should not be distracted by any issues at the time of event. Maintaining of security is also very important. Recycling the garbage is very important. We can encourage this recycling by providing a plastic cover in which every one have to carry their own paper waste, this will help to reduce the efforts of the labor and it would become an encouragement program to bring awareness to recycle the waste CONCLUSSION. Product life cycle is also very important to any event. In events management steps involved to relate product life cycle concepts are planning an event, raising the funds, advertising, implementation, maintaining, and withdrawing. To my knowledge, every step of product life cycle concepts may not applicable to events but some concepts of product life cycle are base to organize any event. A successful event can be organized only when we come across some stages of product life cycle concept.

William Blake, the Jonah of London :: Blake Jonah London

William Blake, the Jonah of London missing works cited Through the streets and alleyways of Nineveh the prophet Jonah trudged. At every marketplace and city gate he joyously roared his tidings of evil, â€Å"forty more days and Nineveh will be overturned!† Two and a half millennia after the great fish vomited Jonah back onto dry land, William Blake faithfully follows that path of bilge and seaweed, bile and gall, into the fraternity of prophets and oracles. Just as Jonah was reluctant to prophesy to the Ninevites for fear that his enemies would hear and repent, Blake has a vested interest in perpetuating the blindness of his readers. In fact, even as he works his metaphysics to impose his â€Å"phantasy† as the prophet who proclaims the liberation of the world, he shows a full awareness that true success can only lead to his demise as a poet. Thus, standing upon his apple-crate in the marketplace, he chokes back his voice a little and mumbles in ciphers, desperately praying that he would not be understood. Amidst angry fires and hungry clouds the poet arises in prophet’s robes, and with a roar to shake the worlds to their very foundations proclaims the revival of â€Å"Eternal Hell†! Like Christ upon the commencement of his ministry, he boldly steps forth and seizes the words of Isaiah to legitimize his mission. He points to Isaiah’s vision of Edom becoming â€Å"blazing pitch (Isaiah XXXIV, v9)† and cries, â€Å"now is the dominion of Edom (plate 3)†; now is the fulfillment of the prophecy, â€Å"then will the eyes of the blind be opened and the ears of the deaf unstopped,† and Blake, the prophet of Hell, shall be the one to fulfill it (Isaiah XXXV, v5). By positioning his first proclamation in parallel with Isaiah 34 and 35, Blake invites, or rather, forces dialogue between Isaiah and himself, and claims for himself Isaiah’s prophetic authority. Later, he dines with both Isaiah and Ezekiel in a symbolic gesture of equality and solidarity and discusses with them as one prophet to another the challenges that one faces in such a line of work (plate 12). Blake again establishes the bond between prophets and the fires of Hell by telling of an angel who, having been converted by a devil, embraces the fire and, consumed by it, arises as the prophet Elijah (plate 24). Thus allegiance to Hell, Bake claims, makes one a prophet.

The Lack of Man in Lac Léman Essay -- Literary Analysis

The narrator of Hubert Aquin’s novel Next Episode cannot breathe; he’s drowning. The author presents water as a deadly force that has the ability to stifle life. Aquin employs the characteristics of water to represent the narrator’s inability to express his national identity and therefore himself. Multiple symbols are used throughout the book, such as fire and ice, but water is an overpowering and important aspect of the book because it conveys a sense of inertia in the individual. This notion of water is connected to the repression of Quebec nationality. The book discusses water in a variety of different contexts: as the primary foundation for the story (as interpreted by the translator), as a metaphor for self and as a replacement for language. Water, weaved into a nationalistic allegory, is given conflicting attributes and is both a life giver and life taker simultaneously. This double approach to the basic element of water embodies both his drive to express h im nationality and his incapacity to authentically vocalize his own existence. The tale begins below the waters of Lac Là ©man, as the narrator states â€Å"it’s in the area of this invisible lake that I’ll set my story† (4). The lake is central to the story, as it is this water (or water which flows from it) that he speaks of in terms of the self and language. The place names of this body of water are also significant for French-Canadian nationality. The translator Sheila Fischman has as much literary power as the narrator. This is because without having read the French edition of the text, the English edition modifies meaning concerning the image of water. Fischman does this by consistently using the French name for the lake â€Å"Lac Là ©man† instead of using its English name â€Å"Lake ... ...erves to corroborate the asphyxiation of a definitive French-Canadian national narrative. Water at once embodies the narrator’s want to express his nationality and personal identity, but also his inability to do so. Ultimately, Water becomes a type of liquid courage for the narrator that never produces substantial results, so he looks towards a future revolution to conceive a genuine national identity. Works Cited Aquin, Hubert. Next Episode. Trans. Sheila Fischman. Toronto: McClelland & Steward Ltd. 2010. 1,4, 12, 13, 21, 22, 23, 24-25, 46, 49, 52, 53, 67, 74, 84, 122, 128. Stewart, Susan Louise. â€Å"Beyond Borders: Reader ‘Other’ Places in Children’s Literature.† Children’s Literature in Education 39.2 (2008): 95-105. 98. Springer E-Books. Proxy. Queen’s University Lib., Kingston. 1 Nov. 2010